[Leica] IMG: My World is Upside Down

[Jim Nichols]

Thanks, Brian.  I can remember, 80 yrs or so ago, when glass milk 
bottles froze on the front porch after delivery, leaving the cardboard 
cap resting on a column of frozen milk, but that action was constrained 
by the tapered glass bottle.  I had never thought about it happening in 
free form.

Here is a photo of the melting icicle.

http://www.gallery.leica-users.org/v/OldNick/20191219-PC190730.JPG.html

On 12/19/19 1:17 PM, Brian Reid wrote:
> When water freezes, it expands. This is why if you freeze a canned or 
> bottled beverage, the container will rupture.
>
> The water on the surface of the birdbath froze in a thin sheet, and 
> then as it continued to freeze deeper, the newly-formed ice had to go 
> somewhere. It went up.
>
> Road asphalt expands when it gets hot; you've probably seen roads 
> buckled from the heat, like these:
>
> https://media2.kobi5.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/seattle-road.jpg?x18239 
>
>
> https://cdn20.patchcdn.com/users/22909805/20170417/031832/styles/T600x450/public/article_images/screen_shot_2017-04-17_at_31741_pm-1492456689-3250.jpg 
>
>
> or with a nod to Ric Carter, like these railroad tracks:
> https://toolkit.climate.gov/sites/default/files/styles/large/public/BuckledRail.jpg?itok=n8yTM6rZ 
>
>
> Same principle. Expanding asphalt or rails must go somewhere.
> Likewise, expanding ice has to go somewhere.
>
>
> On 2019-12-19 9:37 am, Jim Nichols wrote:
>> Last night the temperature got down into the 20s F.  This morning, I
>> glanced out at a bird bath that stands in a clear area of the yard,
>> with nothing above it.  The water in the bird bath appeared frozen, as
>> I would expect, but a clear icicle was standing about eight inches
>> tall.
>>
>> What caused this?
>>
>> http://www.gallery.leica-users.org/v/OldNick/20191219-DSCF1538.JPG.html
>>
>> http://www.gallery.leica-users.org/v/OldNick/20191219-DSCF1539.JPG.html
>>
>> I'm sure someone must have the answer.
>
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-- 
Jim Nichols
Tullahoma, TN USA